Answers/Glossary/ISWC

Glossary · Technical

ISWC

Definition

An ISWC, International Standard Musical Work Code, is a unique identifier for a musical composition, formatted as T followed by nine digits and a check digit. It identifies the song itself across every recording of it, and is assigned by collection societies.

An ISWC identifies a composition, where an ISRC identifies a recording. One song covered by fifty artists has one ISWC and fifty ISRCs. The format is the letter T, nine digits and a check digit — for example T-123.456.789-C.

ISWCs are issued through the CISAC system by collection societies rather than by artists or distributors. In practice, an ISWC is generated when a work is registered with a society: ASCAP, BMI, SESAC or GMR on the performance side, and The MLC's registrations connect into the same identifier space. You do not buy or apply for one directly the way you can obtain an ISRC registrant code from the RIAA.

The reason to care is international matching. When usage is reported in one country and the writers are registered in another, the ISWC is the key that links them. Without it, a foreign society is matching on title and writer name, and titles are not unique — every third song is called "Home."

Because an ISWC is created by registration, having one is a signal that your composition actually exists in the system. If you look up a song of yours at The MLC or in your PRO's repertory search and there is no ISWC attached, the work is not properly registered, and streaming mechanicals reported against its recordings have nowhere to land.

The misunderstanding: confusing an ISWC with an ISRC and assuming your distributor supplied both. Distributors issue ISRCs. They do not register compositions, so they do not produce ISWCs.

If you only remember one thing: ISRC is the recording, ISWC is the song. Artist's notes, not legal advice.

Answers that use this term

Definitions on this site describe the United States system. I am an artist who has been through this, not a lawyer.

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